Run the bounded reference
In Studio, choose Test → Full Car advanced analysis → 14-DOF Coupled Transient. Select Advanced tire–vehicle coupling (ML-63) in Experimental physical formulation. Choose coast, driving, braking, lateral perturbation or combined slip, then run. Results contain actual completed histories; Solver Analysis follows the physical plots. Export CSV and evidence JSON separately from project saves.
This is a generic fixed-rack 14-DOF reference, not the applied Vehicle Assembly. It uses a flat compliant point support and memoryless uncalibrated tire laws. There is no general steering maneuver, arbitrary road, tire relaxation, aligning moment, reverse/standstill model or new motion/video mapping.
Interpret the physical inputs
Initial forward speed is 8–20 m/s. Every stage requires forward contact transport speed 5–25 m/s, longitudinal slip within ±0.2, lateral slip within ±0.15 rad, bounded attitude/travel/rates and four positive normal supports. A combination outside those limits fails explicitly; it does not return a successful partial history. Default controls are bounded reference presets. A custom input or step needs its own convergence assessment.
The accepted generic suspension develops loaded bump toe. Selecting its original mounting retains physical lateral scrub during coast. The explicitly identified zero-loaded-toe mounting removes loaded toe once during preparation, preserving loaded camber, the original arms/tie rods and subsequent physical jounce motion. It is the pure-rolling reference, and is never silently substituted into an old study.
Material slip and shared force capacity
The force application point is vertically below the wheel centre on the flat road. Material contact velocity is wheel-centre velocity plus the complete wheel angular velocity crossed with the contact offset. Angular velocity includes body/upright transport and relative rotor spin exactly once. The derivative of the geometric lowest-point envelope is not used as material velocity.
In the forward contact frame, positive excess rolling speed gives positive driving slip and longitudinal force. Positive leftward lateral material velocity gives positive slip angle and negative lateral force. The existing linear demands Cκ κ and −Cα α share one radial friction-disk projection with radius μ Fz. The same absolute normal load supplies vertical support and both friction capacities. Zero load or friction gives zero tangential force.
Read energy and performance honestly
Energy includes kinetic, gravity, installed springs and the single normal-support potential. Actuator work, suspension damping loss and tangential material-contact dissipation are separate stage-consistent ledgers. The residual is energy change minus actuator work plus those losses. Positive contact power is not clipped to conceal energy creation.
The native option is explicitly TypeScript tires plus C++/WASM mechanics, with two calls through the unchanged ABI-v1 instantaneous prescribed-wrench interface per physical evaluation. It is not a fully native tire implementation. An optimized TypeScript mechanics backend is available for matching-model comparisons. Both use the existing RK4/RK45 primitives. Solver Analysis identifies the physical source, backend, integrator, RHS and native calls, accepted/rejected steps and actual timing scopes.
Integration wall time includes advancing dynamics, sampling, dissipative quadrature and cooperative Worker yields. Request time includes preparation and native initialization; click-to-result includes Worker startup and transfer before page validation/rendering. Fixed 16 MiB WASM linear memory is capacity, not total browser-process RAM. No fixed speedup or real-time guarantee is made.
Ownership, cancellation and evidence
Each request owns its Worker/model and numerical buffers. Cancel terminates the Worker, including initialization. Failed/cancelled attempts retain earlier completed evidence with a stale label; stale exports are disabled. Changing physical or numerical settings makes an earlier result stale. Project replacement resets this session. The new records do not change workspace-project.v2 or historical Ride, Handling and Tire Lab studies.
CSV contains whitelisted SI channel headings and full-precision numerical samples. Evidence JSON includes the physical definition, source/native build identities, controls, solver diagnostics, output arrays and units. Negative-zero channel indices are included for exact reconstruction where relevant. Software agreement is numerical verification and backend equivalence, not measured vehicle validation.